| Citation | Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991, A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico.. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. |
| Ref. | 5723 Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991 |
| Page | 243,398 |
| Named Used as Valid | Gasterosteus aculeatus |
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