| Citation | Chivers, D.P. and R.J.F. Smith, 1995, Free-living fathead minnows rapidly learn to recognize pike as predators.. J. Fish Biol. 46:949-954. |
| Ref. | 77067 Chivers, D.P. and R.J.F. Smith, 1995 |
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| Named Used as Valid | Pimephales promelas |
| Comment | data and bibliography sent by Jeffrey Divino, collab# 1511. |
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