Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||
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Distribution |
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Remarks | Found in coral reef environments, near the bottom, from shallow sandy or grassy areas to the upper slope of the reef. Employs different feeding behaviours to capture and manipulate different type of prey, for example, it uses suction feeding to capture worms and other soft prey, while it feeds on crabs and sea urchins by directly biting off parts of the prey (Ref. 45549). Sessile invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57616). |
Substrate | Soft Bottom Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | Cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094). |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Feeding type ref | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feeding habit ref | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trophic level(s) |
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