| Main Ref. | Randall, H.A. and G.R. Allen, 1977 | ||||
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| Distribution |
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| Remarks | Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154). Territorial, inhabits shallow lagoon and subtidal reef flats. Forms large aggregations above staghorn Acropora thickets or in smaller groups above isolated coral heads. Feeds on plants and invertebrates (Ref. 6110). Harem-type social structure observed with 1 male & several females with linear size dependent rank order; male spawned with the females in order of rank & may attempt to male with females from nearby territories. Male & largest female protect the home territory. It is associated with coral heads (usually Acropora or Pocillopora) that have a tree-like form, allowing the fish to retreat deep within the branches. Humbug lives only where the coral heads are interspersed with sandy patches, usually in protected lagoons or sheltered bays, only occasionally on outer slopes (Ref. 54301). |
| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
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| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Feeding type ref | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feeding habit ref | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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