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Ecology of Urobatis maculatus
 
Main Ref. Michael, S.W., 1993
Distribution
Marine - Neritic
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
 Marine - Oceanic
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
 Brackishwater
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
 Freshwater
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Urobatis maculatus may be found.
Remarks Found on shallow sand and mud bottoms, in sea grass beds, near rocky reefs, and in bays. Feeds on worms and amphipods during the day.

Substrate

Substrate Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Beds: sea grass;
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type ref Michael, S.W., 1993
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit ref Michael, S.W., 1993
Trophic level(s)
Original sample Unfished population Remark
Estimation method Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
Ref.
From individual food items 3.18 0.42 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. cnidaria)
Entered by Sta. Iglesia, Drina on 01.12.01
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