| Family: |
Serranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets), subfamily: Epinephelinae |
| Max. size: |
49 cm TL (male/unsexed) |
| Environment: |
reef-associated; depth range 1 - 30 m |
| Distribution: |
Western Pacific: Thailand, Hong Kong, and Taiwan to Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales) and eastward to the Solomon and Mariana Islands, including Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Palau. Adults often misidentified as Epinephelus macrospilos. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal spines (total): 11-11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15-17; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 8-8. Head profile long and flat; spots more widely spaced than the other two at a given size, becoming more numerous and widely spaced with growth (Ref. 37816). Closely resembles E. howlandi and E. macrospilos, but has more widely spaced spots on a light grayish-green to brown background, a longer flatter head profile, and more lateral line scales (Ref. 37816); further characterized by having ctenoid scales on body except cycloid scales anterodorsally and ventrally; body with auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.9-3.2 in SL; rounded caudal fin; short pelvic fins, 1.8-2.3 in head length (Ref. 90102). |
| Biology: |
Common in shallow silty reefs, sometimes in estuarine areas. The ovary was well developed in an examined fish of 30 cm SL. Solitary or in small groups (Ref 90102). |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Data deficient
(Ref. 96402)
, IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
| Country info: |
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