| Scientific Name | Author | English Name |
|---|---|---|
| Archolaemus blax | Korringa, 1970 | |
| Archolaemus ferreirai | Vari, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2012 | |
| Archolaemus janeae | Vari, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2012 | |
| Archolaemus luciae | Vari, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2012 | |
| Archolaemus orientalis | Stewart, Vari, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2012 | |
| Archolaemus santosi | Vari, de Santana & Wosiacki, 2012 | |
| Distocyclus conirostris | (Eigenmann & Allen, 1942) | |
| Distocyclus goajira | (Schultz, 1949) | |
| Distocyclus guchereauae | Meunier, Jégu & Keith, 2014 | |
| Eigenmannia humboldtii | (Steindachner, 1878) | |
| Eigenmannia limbata | (Schreiner & Miranda Ribeiro, 1903) | |
| Eigenmannia macrops | (Boulenger, 1897) | |
| Eigenmannia microstoma | (Reinhardt, 1852) | |
| Eigenmannia nigra | Mago-Leccia, 1994 | |
| Eigenmannia trilineata | López & Castello, 1966 | |
| Eigenmannia vicentespelaea | Triques, 1996 | |
| Eigenmannia virescens | (Valenciennes, 1836) | Glass knifefish |
| Japigny kirschbaum | Meunier, Jégu & Keith, 2011 | |
| Rhabdolichops caviceps | (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) | |
| Rhabdolichops eastwardi | Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 | |
| Rhabdolichops electrogrammus | Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 | |
| Rhabdolichops jegui | Keith & Meunier, 2000 | |
| Rhabdolichops lundbergi | Correa, Crampton & Albert, 2006 | |
| Rhabdolichops navalha | Correa, Crampton & Albert, 2006 | |
| Rhabdolichops nigrimans | Correa, Crampton & Albert, 2006 | |
| Rhabdolichops stewarti | Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 | |
| Rhabdolichops troscheli | (Kaup, 1856) | |
| Rhabdolichops zareti | Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 | |
| Sternopygus aequilabiatus | (Humboldt, 1805) | |
| Sternopygus arenatus | (Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850) | |
| Sternopygus astrabes | Mago-Leccia, 1994 | |
| Sternopygus branco | Crampton, Hulen & Albert, 2004 | |
| Sternopygus castroi | Triques, 2000 | |
| Sternopygus macrurus | (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | Longtail knifefish |
| Sternopygus obtusirostris | Steindachner, 1881 | |
| Sternopygus pejeraton | Schultz, 1949 | |
| Sternopygus xingu | Albert & Fink, 1996 |