Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 0 - 40 m (Ref. 26375). Subtropical, preferred ?; 12°S - 54°S

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Southwest Atlantic: Brazil. Does not occur in Argentina nor in Uruguay (Ref. 43588).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26375); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6077); max. published weight: 12.0 kg (Ref. 26375)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 68-86; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 52 - 67. Pectoral fins small, about two times head on ocular side, 2.7-3.0 time head on blind side. Pelvic fins about equal in size and shape on both sides. Caudal fin double truncate (Ref. 27363).

Inhabits coastal areas, in bays and estuaries (Ref. 36453). Found over sandy or muddy substrate. Apparently, reproduction occurs during summer in small groups of 3-15 individuals. Adults are solitary. This species is very much appreciated for its taste and high commercial value.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Cervigón, F. and W. Fischer, 1979. INFOPESCA. Catálogo de especies marinas de interes economico actual o potencial para América Latina. Parte 1. Atlántico centro y suroccidental. FAO/UNDP, SIC/79/1. 372 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 6077)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Not Evaluated

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00406 - 0.01178), b=3.14 (3.00 - 3.28), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 4.4 ±0.6 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Paralichthys brasiliensis (Ranzani, 1842)