Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Citharichthys: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range
Ecology
Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 2683). Tropical, preferred ?; 18°N - 17°S, 27°W - 20°E
Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola (Ref. 5979, 81290). Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6804)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 80-87;
Anal
spines: 0;
Anal
soft rays: 59 - 65. Diagnosis: flat and asymmetric body; both eyes on left side of body, except in reversed individuals; hind margin of preopercle free and visible with naked eye; dorsal and anal fins lacking spinous rays; dorsal fin originating above or before dorsal eye; caudal fin separate from dorsal and anal fins; single lateral line on eyed side, absent or camouflaged on blind side (Ref. 81290).
Occurs in coastal waters (Ref. 2683, 81290) and brackish water of estuaries and lagoons (Ref. 81290). Enters freshwater (Ref. 2683). Feeds on fish, shrimps and crabs (Ref. 28587).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
