Classification / Names
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ऐकटीनोप्टीरेजी (रेज़-फिन्नढ मछलियाँ) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Trachinotinae
Etymology: Trachinotus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek,noton = back (Ref. 45335).
पर्यावरण / जलवायु / सीमा
पारिस्थितिकी
; समुद्री; खारा प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गहराई सीमा 0 - 36 m (Ref. 3277), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 55175). Subtropical, preferred ?; 42°N - 25°S, 100°W - 30°W (Ref. 55175)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to southeastern Brazil, including Bahamas and many of the West Indies.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 54.7, range 48 - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 40637); common length : 94.0 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3277); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 36.0 kg (Ref. 5217); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 23 वर्षो (Ref. 42149)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 6 - 7; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 18-21; गुदा कांटा 2-3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 16 - 18. Dorsal and anal fins have very long, dark anterior lobes (Ref. 26938). No scutes; a broad patch of orange-yellow on abdomen in front of anal fin; pectoral fins blackish (Ref. 13442).
Adults frequently in channels or holes, over sandy flats, around reefs, and at times over mud bottoms; usually solitary or in small schools; smaller fish tolerate brackish water. Spawn offshore (Ref. 26938). During the summer, juveniles are found in large schools especially in the surf zone along sandy beaches. Adults feed on mollusks, crabs, shrimps, and small fishes; juveniles on benthic invertebrates. Excellent food fish (Ref. 9626). Highly esteemed game fish caught on light tackle (Ref. 26938).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; जलीयकृषि: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01461 - 0.06537), b=2.88 (2.69 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
69278): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tm=3; tmax=23).
Prior r = 0.49, 2 SD range = 0.3 - 0.80, log(r) = -0.71, SD log(r) = 0.25, Based on: 1 K, 3 tgen, 1 tmax, records
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100) .