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Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335). More on author: Quoy, Gaimard.
البيئة / مناخ / المدى
البيئة
; بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج; نطاق العمق 0 - 146 m (Ref. 57178). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C, preferred 26°C (Ref. 107945); 32°N - 36°S, 25°E - 77°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Hawaii, north to southern Japan and the Ogasawara Islands, south to Australia and New Caledonia. Eastern Pacific: southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico and the Gulf of California to Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 9283).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 42.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9987); common length : 60.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3287); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 18.0 kg (Ref. 9987)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 9; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 19-22; شوكة شرجية 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 14 - 17.
Inhabit coastal and oceanic waters associated with reefs (Ref. 9283, 58302). Pelagic at 1-96 m (Ref. 58302). Often seen in large daytime schools; solitary at night when feeding (Ref. 90102). Adults are found in coral reefs and are mostly active at night or during twilight periods. During the day they are usually seen milling in stationary aggregations (Ref. 44894). Occasionally enter rivers (Ref. 9283). Juveniles may be encountered in estuaries (Ref. 9283, 44894), occasionally entering rivers and penetrating well inland (Ref. 2847, 44894). Form slow-moving schools in the passes or outside the reef during the day, dispersing at night feed (Ref. 4795). Feed mainly on fishes, squids and crustaceans (Ref. 9283, Ref. 90102). Marketed fresh, dried or salted (Ref. 9283) and frozen (Ref. 9987). Consumed broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.01539 - 0.02359), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; Based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
69278): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.24).
عرضة للخطر (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100) .
