Klassifizierung / Names
Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (Strahlenflosser) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335). More on author: Nichols.
Lebensraum / Klimazone / Range
Ökologie
; seewasser; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 10 - 306 m (Ref. 58489), usually 10 - 70 m. Subtropical, preferred 16°C (Ref. 107945); 2°N - 51°S, 106°E - 79°W (Ref. 54929)
South Pacific and Southwestern Atlantic: Eastern Central and South Pacific: off Peru and Chile (Ref. 27363), incl. incidental in Juan Fernández Is. (Ref. 89357). Reported from off Ecuador (Ref. 9283). Southwest Pacific: off New Zealand (Ref. 5755). Southwestern Atlantic: off southern Argentina (Ref. 27363)
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ?, range 39 - 42 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9283); common length : 45.0 cm FL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 9283); max. veröff. Alter: 16 Jahre (Ref. 26956)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt): 9; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt): 31-35; Afterflossenstacheln 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 27 - 29. Body elongated and little compressed; teeth small and uniseriate; lower branch of first gill arch with 42 to 45 gill rakers; edge of shoulders girdle (cleithrum) with a small furrow at its upper end but lacking papillae; lateral line completely scaled, the scales becoming large scutes posteriorly; scutes in the area of the median curve 1.1 to 1.6 times the diameter of the eye; nape and back metallic blue or dark gray; flanks and belly pale; dorsal edge of operculum with a black stain (Ref. 55763). Body elongate and slightly compressed. Body dark blue dorsally, silvery-white ventrally. Black spot on upper posterior margin of opercle. Fins dusky (Ref. 37339). Pectoral fin falcate and very long (Ref. 27363).
Adults are found in the shore and open oceanic waters, in schools. They feed mainly on fish larvae and small crustaceans. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9283). Utilized canned for human consumption and also made into fishmeal (Ref. 9988). The species is often found in Juan Fernández Is. as an incidental catch of Pseudocaranx chilensis (Guichenot, 1848) fisheries (Ref. 89357).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995. Carangidae. Jureles, pámpanos, cojinúas, zapateros, cocineros, casabes, macarelas, chicharros, jorobados, medregales, pez pilota. p. 940-986. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9283)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: hoch kommerziell
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00773 - 0.01958), b=2.92 (2.78 - 3.06), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
69278): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (K=0.09-0.11; tmax=16).
Verwundbarkeit (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100) .
