Actinopterygii
輻鰭魚綱 (條鰭魚) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Chloroscombrus: Greek, chloros = green + Greek, skombros = the name of several fishes, a mackerel (Ref. 45335).
環境 / 氣候 / 範圍
生態學
; 海洋; 半鹹淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 110 m (Ref. 114025). , preferred 26°C (Ref. 107945); 42°N - 41°S, 98°W - 14°E
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts to Florida, USA and Bermuda to Uruguay; throughout Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 9626); Bahamas, Antilles, along Central and South American coasts to Uruguay (Ref. 26938). Eastern Atlantic: Spain to Angola (Ref. 57392). Replaced by Chloroscombrus orqueta in eastern Pacific. These two species have not been adequately studied and may prove to be conspecific.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 12.4, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 57392); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數): 9; 背的軟條 (總數): 25-28; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 25 - 28. Diagnosis: body compressed and deep (depth comprised from 2.3 to 2.8 times in fork length) (Ref. 57392), its ventral profile distinctly more convex than the dorsal (Ref. 26938, 57392). Snout very short, its tip blunt, upper jaw extending almost to behind level of anterior eye margin; 2 dorsal fins, the first with 8 spines, the second with 1 spine and 25-28 soft rays; anal fin with 2 detached spines, followed by 1 spine and 25-28 soft rays; upper lobe of caudal fin longer than the lower; small, cycloid scales covering most of body, including chest; 5-15 weak scutes on posterior part of lateral line, at level of caudal peduncle, the latter without bilateral keels (Ref. 57392). Metallic blue above, silvery below; caudal peduncle with black saddle spot (Ref. 3197).
Coloration: back greenish or bluish, sides silvery-white; a dark, saddle-shaped blotch on caudal peduncle just before caudal fin, and another at upper angle of gill cover (Ref. 57392).
Adults are found over soft bottoms of the continental shelf; sometimes forming schools near the surface (Ref. 5217). Marine pelagic species very common in coastal lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 57392). They feed on fish, cephalopods, zooplankton and detritus (Ref. 28587). Juveniles common in brackish estuaries and often associated with jellyfish (Ref. 5217). Marketed fresh and salted.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter, 1990. Carangidae. p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7097)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.01180 - 0.01542), b=2.94 (2.90 - 2.98), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
69278): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22-0.56).
瀕危性 (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100) .
