分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii
輻鰭魚綱 (條鰭魚) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335). More on author: Castelnau.
環境 / 氣候 / 範圍
生態學
; 海洋; 深度上下限 0 - 500 m (Ref. 54925), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 54925). , preferred 23°C (Ref. 107945); 7°N - 37°S, 4°E - 24°E (Ref. 54925)
Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Guinea to South Africa. Bianchi et. al. 1993 notes 'Smith-Vaniz (1992, pers. comm.) does not believe that Trachurus capensis is a valid species but admits that an adequate series of this species along the coast of Africa are not available'.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - 33 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3166); common length : 30.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3166)
Adults are found mainly over the continental shelf, often over sand bottoms (Ref. 27121). Shoals rise to feed in surface waters at night and found close to the bottom during the day (Ref. 27121). Juveniles feed mainly on copepods while adults prey on fish and a wide range of invertebrates (Ref. 27121).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., J.-C. Quéro and M. Desoutter, 1990. Carangidae. p. 729-755. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7097)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00626 - 0.01674), b=2.94 (2.80 - 3.08), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; Based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
69278): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.11-0.42; tm=2).
瀕危性 (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100) .
