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Ikan bertulan sejati > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335). More on author: Ginsburg.

Lingkungan / Klimat / Range Ekologi

; laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 185 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical, preferred ?

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: Colombia and Venezuela to Trinidad and Tobago. Reported to range south to Suriname (Ref. 13608).

Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217); common length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217)

deskripsi pendek Morfologi | Morfometrik

duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 69-80; Sirip dubur lunak: 55 - 64. Head moderately pointed; brown with numerous roundish dark spots on head, body and fins, many as large or larger than eyes; also numerous small dark and small pale spots; teeth uniserial, the anterior ones enlarged; origin of dorsal fin above or slightly anterior to the front edge of eyes; caudal fin biconcave; pelvic fins short-based, symmetrically placed, and subequal (Ref. 13442).

Found over muddy and sandy bottoms. Marketed fresh.

Life cycle and mating behavior Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | mitra

Randall, J.E. and R. Vergara, 1978. Bothidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). FAO, Rome. Vol. 1. pag.var. (Ref. 3275)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 115185)

kekurangan data (DD)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil

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Sumber internet

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00316 - 0.01588), b=3.15 (2.97 - 3.33), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Daya lenting (Ref. 69278): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

keancaman (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100) .

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Paralichthys tropicus Ginsburg, 1933