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Kronoheros umbriferus  (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913)

Turquoise cichlid
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    Kronoheros umbriferus
    Picture by DATZ
  • Image of Kronoheros umbriferus (Turquoise cichlid)
    Kronoheros umbriferus
    Female picture by DATZ

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Cichlinae

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Freshwater; benthopelagic; pH range: 7.0 - 7.9; dH range: 1 - 5.   Tropical; 19°C - 28°C (Ref. 40602), preferred ?

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

South America: Atrato and Magdalena River drainages in Colombia and Tuíra and Chucunaque River drainages in Panama.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 10.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 47.5 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 36377)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

An open water swimmer. Feeds mainly on other live fishes, usually the prolific Astyanax, but also on shrimps and crabs (Ref. 36377). Eggs and larvae are guarded by the female (Ref. 40602). Male defends the territory (Ref. 40602).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Deposit several thousand eggs on open, preferably horizontal substrate; male defends territory and female guards eggs; larvae are guarded by the female (Ref. 40602). Females reach sexual maturity at 10 cm, males at 15 cm (Ref. 2060).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Collaborators

?í?an, O., L. Piálek, K. Dragová and J. Novák, 2016. Diversity and evolution of the Middle American cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) with revised classification. Verteb. Zool. 66(1):1-102. (Ref. 114771)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration
Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance
References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY |

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishes of Iran | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805):  PD50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.66 se; Based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 69278):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Fec >1000).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100) .