Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Nemipteridae (Threadfin breams, Whiptail breams)
Etymology: Nemipterus: Greek, nema, -atos = filament + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; non-migratory; depth range 5 - 80 m (Ref. 9785). Tropical, preferred 28°C (Ref. 107945); 34°N - 11°S, 31°E - 133°E (Ref. 3810)
Indo-Pacific. A Red Sea immigrant into the Mediterranean reported from Haifa Bay (2005) (Ref. 72453, 72484). A record of this species from northwestern Australia is unfounded.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3836); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450); max. published weight: 596.00 g (Ref. 1448); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 1448)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 10;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 9;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 7. Eleven to twelve pale golden-yellow stripes along body from behind head to base of caudal fin. A prominent red-suffused yellow blotch below origin of lateral line. Pectoral fins very long, reaching to or just beyond level of origin of anal fin. Caudal fin moderately forked, upper lobe slightly longer than lower and produced into a short or moderately long filament. Three transverse scale rows on preopercle. Axillary scale present. Color: Upper body pinkish, silvery below.
Very abundant in coastal waters, found on mud or sand bottoms, usually in schools. Feeds mainly on small fishes, crustaceans, mollusks (mainly cephalopods), polychaetes and echinoderms. Marketed mainly fresh, but also frozen, steamed, dried-salted, dry-smoked, fermented or made into fish balls and fish meal.
Females predominate at small sizes and males at larger sizes, due to faster growth rate in males (Ref. 6254).
Russell, B.C., 1990. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 12. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipteridae. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(12):149p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 3810)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
Tools
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.01265 - 0.01811), b=2.97 (2.93 - 3.01), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.51 se; Based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.29-1.06; tm= 0.5-1.4; tmax=8; Fec = 13,900).
Prior r = 0.88, 2 SD range = 0.42 - 1.86, log(r) = -0.13, SD log(r) = 0.37, Based on: 4 M, 51 K, 5 tgen, 4 tmax, 4 Fec records
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100) .
