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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9626). Subtropical, preferred ?; 31°N - 30°S, 98°W - 34°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Bahamas, Florida (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.2 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9626); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3798)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16-18; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Silvery, the edges of the scales narrowly brown, the centers on upper half of body with a spot which may vary in color from yellow through bronze to dark brown (forming oblique dotted lines following scale rows) (Ref. 13442).

Inhabits shallow coastal reefs, the young on seagrass beds, adults in schools in relatively open areas (Ref. 9710). Rare at oceanic islands (Ref. 9710). Feeds at night on mollusks and small fishes (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: public aquariums

FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00802 - 0.02069), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.24).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Haemulon parra (Desmarest, 1823)