Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 80.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2334); common length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763)
Environment
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 122 m (Ref. 1602)
Climate / Range
Tropical, preferred ?; 34°N - 32°S, 26°E - 77°W
Distribution
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Hawaii and the Easter Island, north to southern Japan south to Lord Howe Island. Eastern Central Pacific: Panama, Revillagigedo Islands, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island, and Malpelo Island (Ref. 9275).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 8 - 12;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 24-27;
Anal
spines: 0;
Anal
soft rays: 26 - 29. Occurs in three basic color phases: uniformly brown to green, mottled brown to green, or uniformly yellow. First dorsal fin consists of a series of isolated spines, followed by a second dorsal fin consisting of rays. The second dorsal fin is shaped like the anal fin and is found directly above it. A black maxillary stripe usually present, but may be reduced; dorsal and anal fins light, but with a dark basal bar; caudal fin usually with two round black spots; a black spot at the base of each pelvic fin (Ref. 9825).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.7500 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
4.2 ±0.74 se; Based on food items.
Resilience
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100)
Price category