Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26340)
Environment
Marine; pelagic-oceanic; depth range 1 - 140 m (Ref. 58302)
Climate / Range
Subtropical, preferred ?; 71°N - 55°S, 180°W - 180°E
Distribution
Cosmopolitan. Western Atlantic: Florida (USA), Martinique, Venezuela (Ref. 51183), and Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Madeira to Scandinavia (Ref. 4711); Dakar, Senegambie, and Sierra Leone (Ref. 6952); South Africa. Eastern Pacific: central California, USA to Chile; rare north of Mexico (Ref. 2850). Indian Ocean: Madagascar (Ref. 33390), Mauritius (Ref. 58078), Reunion (Ref. 53568), Iran (Ref. 86583), Australia (49596). West Pacific: Japan (Ref. 559), China (Ref. 57879), Taiwan (Ref. 12711), New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Short description
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 1.0625 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
3.7 ±0.47 se; Based on food items.
Resilience
Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100)
Price category