Philippines country information

Common names: Alama, Balangin, Balawis
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded in Tañon Strait (Ref. 107276) and Leyte Gulf (Ref. 68980). Known from Siargao Island (Ref. 58652); Bolinao, Pangasinan (Ref. 87989), Nasugbu, Batangas (Ref. 107853), San Juan, Batangas (Ref. 107854) and Lanuza Bay (Ref. 104756). Museum: AMS I.10462, 22406; CAS-SU 21593, 26175, 21589, 21590, 21591, 21592 (Ref. 1419). Taytay fish market, FRLM 12137 - 38. Also Ref. 393, 48613, 59110.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Kimura, S., 1995
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Siganidae (Rabbitfishes)
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Virgate rabbitfish, Doublebarred spinefoot, Double-bar rabbitfish, ... more

Main reference

Woodland, D.J. 1990. (Ref. 1419)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : Woodland, David J. | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9813)

Environment

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 1 - ? m (Ref. 48637), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 27115)

Climate / Range

Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115), preferred ?; 35°N - 25°S, 77°E - 154°E

Distribution

Indo-West Pacific: southern India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Thailand, southern and eastern coasts of China, Taiwan, Ryukyu, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Northern Territory in Australia.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Anal spines: 7; Anal soft rays: 9; Vertebrae: 13. A brown band running diagonally from nape to chin; another from 4th-5th dorsal spine base to pectoral fin base; ocular and shoulder bands spotted with blue; a zone of silvery yellow posterior and adjacent to the shoulder band. Preopercular angle 100°-111°; cheek scalation variable from few to almost fully scaled; midline of thorax fully scaled, sometimes with a row missing from pelvic ridges. A prominent rim or short tube encircle the anterior nostril, with a little peak on it posteriorly. Spines stout, fairly pungent and venomous.

Inhabits shallow coastal waters, around hard coral reefs and areas of sand with patches of rock and soft coral. Tolerant of murky waters. Larger juveniles and adults occur in pairs in coastal reef flats, slopes and estuaries . Small juveniles are found in mangroves and enter freshwater, moving to reefs usually in small groups among corals (Ref. 48637). Feed on benthic seaweeds (Ref. 9813).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Venomous (Ref. 4537)

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
2.7 ±0.31 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Low vulnerability (19 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
High

Siganus virgatus (Valenciennes, 1835)