Philippines country information

Common names: Banugan, Ogaog, Paging bungi
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Collected from Bolinao and Puerto Princesa markets (Ref. 47737). Also Ref. 280. In range Ref. 3965.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava, 2005
National Database:

Classification / Names

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays) > Rhinopterinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Flapray, Javanese cownose ray, Pari-kelawar Jawa, ... more

Main reference

Compagno, L.J.V. 1986. (Ref. 3965)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 150 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 9862); max. published weight: 4.5 kg (Ref. 3965)

Environment

Marine; brackish; reef-associated

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred ?

Distribution

Indo-West Pacific: off Durban, South Africa and ranging north possibly to India, Thailand, Indonesia, and southern China. Reported from Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964). Also in Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands (Ref. 637). Possibly Australia (Ref. 9862).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Double-lobed snout and indented forehead; jaws usually with 7 rows of plate-like teeth; no caudal fin (Ref. 5578). Brown above, white below (Ref. 5578).

Found in bays, estuaries, and near coral reefs (Ref. 12951), over sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9710). Large schools with up to 500 individuals have been reported (Ref. 12951). Feeds on clams, oysters and crustaceans (Ref. 12951). Lives to over 2 years in captivity (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Edible (Ref. 30573). Caught occasionally by bottom trawl, demersal inshore gillnet and tangle net fisheries. Utilized for its meat (Ref.58048).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (A2d+3cd+4cd)

Threat to humans

Harmless (Ref. 12484)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5039 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.3 ±0.37 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Medium

Rhinoptera javanica Müller & Henle, 1841