10. Appendix

FishBase terms:

To search for terms included in the FishBase online glossary, go to www.fishbase.org and use the Glossary search by either typing in a term or browsing the index provided. Note that here, and for nearly all other terms in the glossary, you can click on the hypertext link to the Encyclopedia Britannica online.

Classification:

The Role of Taxonomy; The FAMILIES Table; Genera and Species in a Classification.

Darwin, Charles:

See Box 9 in The Expeditions Table.

Species concept:

Eschmeyer's Genera of Fishes; Eschmeyer's Species of Fishes.

Go to www.fishbase.org, use the Scientific name search either by typing in the genus and species names or by browsing the provided index and select the Summary button. In the Species Summary page, click on the Synonyms link, e.g., Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Subspecies:

The STOCKS Table.

Go to www.fishbase.org and search for Oreochromis niloticus.

Population:

The STOCKS Table.

Threatened species:

See Status field in The STOCKS Table.

Go to www.fishbase.org, use the Information by country/island search, type in the country of interest and select the Threatened button.

Common names:

See Figure 8 in The COMMON NAMES Table.

Go to www.fishbase.org and use the Common name search by typing in the name or by browsing the provided index. If a list of species is returned, click on the species of interest to access the Species Summary page. Then click on the Common names link, e.g., click on the Haida name ''Skaagwun'.

Max. length (L_max):

The POPCHAR Table.

Go to www.fishbase.org to search for a species as described above. Once in the Species Summary page, click on the AgeSize link to obtain a list of maximum lengths, e.g., Salmo trutta.

Distribution:

The FAOAREAS Table; The COUNTRIES Table; The COUNTREF Table; The OCCURRENCES Table. Plots occurrence records, families by FAO area, species by FAO area, species by climate, etc. using the Biodiversity Maps routines in www.fishbase.org.

Brains:

See Box 33 and Figure 50 in The BRAINS Table.

In the Species Summary page, click on the Brains link to obtain brain weight measurement data. Click on the Relative brain weight graph link to obtain a plot of encephalization coefficients' (i.e., relative brain weight, accounting at least in part for difference in body weights). [Hint: To get a list of species with brain weight measurements, use the Information by Topic search, click on the Brains option. To see the Relative brain weight graph for a family, go to Information by Family search and choose the Graphs option. In the Graphs by Family page make sure that the family of interest is selected, choose the Relative brain weight option and click on the View graph button.]

Auximetric grid:

Go to www.fishbase.org, use the Information by Family search, select a family, click on the Graphs option, select Auximetric graph, click on View graph.

Morphology:

The MORPHOLOGY Table.

Biodiversity:

The OCCURRENCES Table.

Shapes (family pictures):

Go to www.fishbase.org, use the Information by Family search by choosing the Family of interest from the drop-down list and select the Family information button. In the Families page, click on the Pictures link to view the outline drawing representative of the Family.

Shapes (swimming mode):

See Figures 52 and 53 in The SWIMMING and SPEED Tables.

[Note: Information on swimming modes is currently available only in the CD-ROM version. However, some biological information are available in the Species Summary page under the Biology field and in the Key Facts page. Swimming mode can also be inferred from the aspect ratio or the shape of the caudal fin. To make a list of species with such information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org, click on the Swim. type option and jot down the scientific name(s) of the species of interest. Then open the Species Summary and Key Facts page for that species or look at its Picture.]

Sizes (lengths):

See Box 5 and Figure 7 in The SPECIES Table; Box 14 and Figure 16 and in The POPCHAR Table; Figure 35 in The ECOLOGY Table; Max. size field in the Species Summary page; click on the AgeSize link for further information, e.g., in cod or click on the Life-history tool link in the Tools section of the Species Summary page to display size-related parameters, as in the example for, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Sizes are expressed in lengths and/or weights. A graph comparing the constants a and b of available length-weight relationships for fish families is available through the Information by family search, Graphs option. In the Graphs by family page, click on the Length-weight (a vs b) option, and then on the View graph button.

Growth:

See POPULATION DYNAMICS and link to The POPGROWTH Table and discussion on Auximetric Analyses.

Download “Color versions of the graphs contained in Pauly D. 1998. Tropical fishes: patterns and propensities. J. Fish Biol. 53(A): 1-17” from www.FishBase.org/Download/TropicalPaper.zip.

In the Species Summary page, click on the Growth link to obtain a list of growth and mortality parameters for different populations of a species, e.g., for Gadus morhua, then click on the Auximetric graph link to view a plot of growth coefficients vs. body lengths, e.g., for the cod.

Life span:

See Figure 16 in The POPGROWTH Table; Box 19 and Figures 27 and 28 in section on Natural Mortality; Sizes (lengths) above; Life span field in the Key Facts page, e.g., for the rainbow trout.

Graphs comparing estimates of natural mortality and growth (L_∞ and K) for species in a family are available through the Information by family search, Graphs option. In the Graphs by Family page, choose either the M vs. K or the M vs. Linf graph options then click on the View graph button.

Biodiversity:

See Biodiversity maps in www.aquamaps.org.

Environmental Information:

Under The SPECIES Table, see Box 5 and Figure 7 in Environmental Information.

See Biology, Environment and Climate zone fields in the Species Summary page, e.g., for Pagothenia borchgrevinki.

Habitat and feeding:

See Box 23 and Figure 35 in The ECOLOGY Table.

See Main food, Trophic level and Food consumption fields in Key facts page, e.g., for Oncorhynchus mykiss; click on Diet link to obtain detailed information of food items.

To make a list of species with habitat and feeding information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Diet option.

Occurrence:

The OCCURRENCES Table and see also The INTRODUCTIONS Table.

To obtain a list of species with introductions information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Introductions option. See also Biodiversity Maps and plot, e.g., occurrence records by museum, familes by FAO area, species by climate zone.

Morphology:

See links to information on MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY.

Reproduction:

See links to information on REPRODUCTION and Spawning.

To make a list of species with morphology and reproduction information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org, and select the appropriate topic button. [Note: Information on morphology is currently available only in the CD-ROM version of FishBase. However, some biological information are available in the Species Summary page under the Biology field and in the Key Facts page. To make a list of species with morphology information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org, click on the Morphology option and jot down the scientific name(s) of the species of interest. Then open the Species Summary and Key Facts page for that species or look at its Picture.]

Trophic Ecology:

See Box 21 and links to information on diet composition, food items, predators, daily ration and food consumption in TROPHIC ECOLOGY.

See Box 23 in The ECOLOGY Table.

See Box 24 in The FOOD ITEMS Table.

See Boxes 28-29 and Figure 41 in The PREDATORS Table.

See also Box 12 in FAO Statistics.

[Note: information contained in the Ecology table is available only in the CD-ROM version of FishBase. However, some ecological information are available in the Species Summary page under the Biology and Environment fields and in the Key Facts page. To make a list of species with such information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org, select the Ecology button and jot down the scientific name(s) of the species of interest. Then open the Species Summary and Key Facts page for that species.]

Reproductive load:

See Box 31 and Figures 43-44 and The MATURITY Table; see item (h) under Fields in The POPGROWTH Table; see also Fecundity -related fields in The SPAWNING Table.

Use the Key facts (from the Key facts link in the Species Summary page or from the Scientific name search selecting the Key facts button) and/or Species Summary pages to obtain more information on reproduction.

In the Key Facts page, click on the Growth & mortality data link and in the resulting list, click the Reproductive load graph link to view a plot of Lm/L_∞ vs. L_∞. This graph is also available in the Species Summary, through the Growth link.

Go to the Information by family search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Graphs option to access the Reproductive load graph for the family of your interest. Through the same path, look at the Lm vs Linf graph.

Egg sizes:

ICHTHYOPLANKTON and see Egg diameter field in The EGGS Table; refer to 4.3.1 Exercise.

Hermaphroditism:

See discussion on Mode field and pay particular attention to Box 30 and Figure 42 in The REPRODUCTION Table.

See Biology field in Species summary page for the Mangrove rivulus and click on the Reproduction link for more information.

To list species with information on reproduction in FishBase, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Reproduction option.

Gill area and size:

See Figures 54-55 in The GILL AREA Table; The OXYGEN Table; Figure 51 and Boxes 27 - 28 in The GENETICS Table.

To list species with gill area information in FishBase, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Gill area option. Click on the species of interest then click on the Gill area vs body weight graph link.

To view a graph of the relationship between gill area and fish body weights, go to the Information by family search, Graphs option. In the Graphs by Family page, click on the Gill area graph option then on the View graph button.

Daily ration:

The RATION Table and see links to food consumption in TROPHIC ECOLOGY.

In the Species Summary page, click on the Ration link for more information.

To list species with daily ration information in FishBase, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and click on the Ration option.

Food consumption:

www.FishBase.org/manual/FishBaseThe_POPQB_Table.htm.

To get a list of species with food consumption information, use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and select the Food consumption button.

Or look for a particular species using the Scientific name search and select the Key Facts or Species Summary, click on the Food consumption link to get more information on food consumption.

Food webs:

See Box 21 in Trophic Ecology; see also Box 23 in The ECOLOGY Table.

Ecopath parameters:

Use the Information by topic search in www.fishbase.org and select the Ecopath parameters button to get a list of species ordered by habitat type and size. The list indicates for which of these species Ecopath-related parameters, i.e., growth parameters, Q/B, diet and predator information, are available. It is also possible to output the list as an Excel file.

Trophic levels & catches:

In the Species Summary page, click on link to FAO stats for information on mean trophic levels and catches. [Note: FAO catches is only available in the CD-ROM version. To list species with available catch data in the FishBase CD-ROM, use the Information by topic search and click the FAO catches option. Or search the FAO Fishery Statistics online database at http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/programme/3,1,1/en].

Diets:

In the Species Summary page, click on links to Diet and Predators. [Note: links to Diet and Food consumption are also available in the Key facts page.]

To list species with available diet data in FishBase, use the Information by topic search and click on the Diet option.