Family Pempheridae - Sweepers
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 2 | Species : 34 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : Yes |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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none |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Distribution: western Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Body deep; compressed. Maxillae not extending beyond center of eye. Smooth preorbital. Eyes big, lacking adipose lid. Dorsal fin short, with origin before middle of body. Dorsal fin with 4-7 graduated spines; soft rays 7-12. Anal fin with usually 3 (very rarely 2) spines and 17-45 soft rays. Scales along lateral line usually 40-82, extending onto caudal fin; the tubes usually short and wide. Long gillrakers, usually 25-31. A few species with luminiscent organs. Pyloric caeca 9 or 10. Swim bladder present in all but one species (Pempheris poeyi). Vertebrae 25 (10 + 15). To about 30 cm maximum length. Aggregate in caves by day and disperse to feed on zooplankton at night. Assumed to be pelagic spawners (RF). Not popular for aquariums. [Eschmeyer 1998 lists 5 nominal species for Parapriacanthus of which 2 are valid, 2 are synonyms, and one has no type material; thus, number of species in this genus is probably 2, not 5 (RF)] |
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Etymology |
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Greek, pempheris, -idos = a kind of fish ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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nonguarders |
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Typical activity level |
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normal |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Pempheriformes | Pempheridae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Pempheris compressa (White, 1790) | accepted | senior | new | |
Sparus compressus White, 1790 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
! Pempheris compressus (White, 1790) | synonym | senior | new | |
Kurtus argenteus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris touea Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris mangula Cuvier, 1829 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pimepheris mangula Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempheris erythraea Kossmann & Räuber, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris russellii Day, 1888 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris oualensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris vanicolensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris molucca Cuvier, 1829 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pempheris moluca Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempheris malabarica Cuvier, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris sp. Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Pempheris mangula (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris molucca (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris adusta (non Bleeker, 1877) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris nesogallica Cuvier, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris mangula (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris vanicolensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris otaitensis Cuvier, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris oualensis Cuvier, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pempheris oulensis Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pempheris ovalensis Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pemphperis oualensis Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempheris vanicolensis Cuvier, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris schomburgkii Müller & Troschel, 1848 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pempheris mulleri Poey, 1860 | synonym | junior | original | |
! Pempheris schomburgki Müller & Troschel, 1848 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempheris mexicana Cuvier, 1831 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris schwenkii Bleeker, 1855 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pempheris schwenki Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pempheris swenkii Bleeker, 1855 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempheris adusta Bleeker, 1877 | accepted | senior | original | |
Pempheris sp. Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
! Pempheris adustus Bleeker, 1877 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Pempheris flavicycla marisrubri Randall, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2013 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris flavicycla flavicycla Randall, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2013 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris flavicycla Randall, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2013 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Pempheris mangula (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris oualensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris vanicolensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
! Pempheris onalensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Pempheris rhomboidea Kossmann & Räuber, 1877 | provisionally accept | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris multiradiata Klunzinger, 1879 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Pempheris multiradiatus Klunzinger, 1879 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Liopempheris multiradiata (Klunzinger, 1879) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pempheris macrolepis Macleay, 1881 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris lineatus Ogilby, 1885 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris japonica Döderlein, 1883 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Pempheris japonicus Döderlein, 1883 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Catalufa umbra Snyder, 1911 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pempheris poeyi Bean, 1885 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris nyctereutes Jordan & Evermann, 1902 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Liopempheris sasakii Jordan & Hubbs, 1925 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Pempheris sasakii (Jordan & Hubbs, 1925) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pempheris analis Waite, 1910 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris affinis McCulloch, 1911 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris klunzingeri McCulloch, 1911 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris muelleri Klunzinger, 1879 | ambiguous | junior | original | 2 |
! Pempheris mülleri Klunzinger, 1880 | synonym | junior | original | |
Pempheris schreineri Miranda Ribeiro, 1915 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris adspersa Griffin, 1927 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Pempheris adspersus Griffin, 1927 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Pempheris xanthoptera Tominaga, 1963 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Pempheris xanthopterus Tominaga, 1963 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris ornata Mooi & Jubb, 1996 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris ypsilychnus Mooi & Jubb, 1996 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris analis (non Waite, 1910) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris klunzingeri (non McCulloch, 1911) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris rapa Mooi, 1998 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris ufuagari Koeda, Yoshino & Tachihara, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris bexillon Mooi & Randall, 2014 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris sarayu Randall & Bineesh, 2014 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris tominagai Koeda, Yoshino & Tachihara, 2014 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pempheris molucca (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris oualensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris vanicolensis (non Cuvier, 1831) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris schwenkii (non Bleeker, 1855) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pempheris kuriamuria Randall & Victor, 2015 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus ransonneti Steindachner, 1870 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Parapriacanthus ransonnari Steindachner, 1870 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pempherichthys guentheri Klunzinger, 1871 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus guentheri (Klunzinger, 1871) | synonym | junior | new | |
! Parapriacanthus gunetheri (Klunzinger, 1871) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pempheris unwini Ogilby, 1889 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus unwini (Ogilby, 1889) | synonym | junior | new | |
Parapriacanthus beryciformis Franz, 1910 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Parapempheris argenteus von Bonde, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus elongatus (McCulloch, 1911) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pempheris elongata McCulloch, 1911 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus dispar (Herre, 1935) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pempheris dispar Herre, 1935 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Parapriacanthus marei Fourmanoir, 1971 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |