分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii
辐鳍鱼纲 (条鳍鱼) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Rastrelliger: Latin, rastra = rake + Latin, gero = to carry.
环境 / 气候 / 范围
生态学
; 海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 20 - 90 m (Ref. 12260). 17°C - ? (Ref. 54861), preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 34°N - 24°S, 30°E - 180°E (Ref. 54861)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Indonesia, north to the Ryukyu Islands and China, south to Australia, Melanesia and Samoa. Entered the eastern Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 19.9, range 20 - 24.5 cm
Max length : 42.1 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573); 最大体重: 0.00 g; 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 168)
背棘 (总数): 8 - 11; 背的软条 (总数): 12; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 12. Head longer than body depth. Maxilla partly concealed, covered by lachrymal bone but extending to about hind margin of eye. Bristles on longest gill raker 105 on one side in specimens of 12.7 cm, 140 in 16 cm, and 160 in 19 cm fork length specimens. A black spot on body near lower margin of pectoral fin. Interpelvic process small and single. Swim bladder present. Anal spine rudimentary.
Adults occur in coastal bays, harbors and deep lagoons, usually in some turbid plankton-rich waters. Form schools. Feed on phytoplankton (diatoms) and small zooplankton (cladocerans, ostracods, larval polychaetes, etc.) (Ref. 9684). Small groups were seen eating eggs of Cheilio inermis straight after spawning (Ref. 48637). Adult individuals feed on macroplankton such as larval shrimps and fish. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Generally marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried-salted, and smoked; also made into fish sauce (Ref. 9684).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00733 - 0.00988), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.38 se; Based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
69278): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.2-1.9; tm=1; tmax=4; Fec = 68,500).
Prior r = 1.44, 2 SD range = 0.77 - 2.68, log(r) = 0.36, SD log(r) = 0.31, Based on: 1 M, 44 K, 3 tgen, 2 tmax, 1 Fec records
脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100) .