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Oncorhynchus mykiss  (Walbaum, 1792)

Rainbow trout
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Image of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout)
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Picture by McDowall, R.M.

country information

Common names: [No common name]
Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information:
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
National Database:

分類 / Names

Actinopterygii 輻鰭魚綱 (條鰭魚) > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Микижа, 虹鳟, Truite arc-en-ciel, ... more

主要參考資料

Gall, G.A.E. and P.A. Crandell. 1992. (Ref. 4706)
 參考文獻 | 文獻記錄 | 合作者 | 合作者

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Max length : 122 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 96339); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5504); 最大體重: 25.4 kg (Ref. 7251); 最大年齡: 11 年 (Ref. 12193)

Length at first maturity
 Lm ?  range ? - ? cm

環境

; 海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 50550)

氣候 / 範圍

10°C - 24°C (Ref. 12741), preferred 8°C (Ref. 107945); 67°N - 32°N, 135°E - 117°W

分布

Native to Pacific Slope from Kuskokwim River, Alaska to (at least) Rio Santa Domingo, Baja California, Mexico; upper Mackenzie River drainage (Arctic basin), Alberta and British Columbia in Canada; endorheic basins of southern Oregon, USA. Widely introduced in cold waters elsewhere in North America and rest of the world (Ref. 5723). Eastern Pacific: Kamchatkan Peninsula and have been recorded from the Commander Islands east of Kamchatka and sporadically in the Sea of Okhotsk as far south as the mouth of the Amur River along the mainland. The records outside Kamchatka probably represent migrating or straying Kamchatkan steelhead (penshinensis) rather than the established native population (Reg. 50080). Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介

簡短描述

背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 10-12; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 12; 脊椎骨: 60 - 66. Body elongate, somewhat compressed especially in larger fish. No nuptial tubercles but minor changes to head, mouth and color occur especially in spawning males. Coloration varies with habitat, size, and sexual condition. Stream residents and spawners darker, colors more intense. Lake residents lighter, brighter, and more silvery. Caudal fin with 19 rays (Ref. 2196). Differs from Oncorhynchus gorbuscha by having the following unique characters: by having the following unique characters: anal fin with 6-9½ (usually 8½ ) branched rays; 115-130 scales in midlateral row; 16-17 gill rakers; breeding males lacking hump; juveniles lacking parr marks; wide pink to red stripe from head to caudal base, except in sea-run form; and juveniles with 5-10 parr marks (Ref. 59043).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults inhabit cold headwaters, creeks, small to large rivers, and lakes. Anadromous in coastal streams (Ref. 5723). Stocked in almost all water bodies as lakes, rivers and streams, usually not stocked in water reaching summer temperatures above 25°C or ponds with very low oxygen concentrations. Feed on a variety of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates and small fishes. At the sea, they prey on fish and cephalopods. Mature individuals undertake short spawning migrations. Anadromous and lake forms may migrate long distances to spawning streams (Ref. 59043). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Cultured in many countries and is often hatched and stocked into rivers and lakes especially to attract recreational fishers (Ref. 9988).

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 115185)

  未評估 

對人類具威脅

 



人類使用

漁業: 高經濟性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的

工具

Bio-Quiz | E-book | 野外調查 | 檢索表 | 長度- 頻率 Wizard | 生活- 歷史的工具 | 分布圖 | Classification Tree

特別的報告

查看水族館維護 | 查看魚種資料頁 | 查看水產資料頁

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摘要頁 | 點圖資料 | 俗名 | 相片

網路資源

Alien/Invasive Species database | BHL | BOLDSystems | 查看其他網站 | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO(養殖: 產生, 魚種描繪; 漁業: 產生; publication : search) | GenBank(基因組, 核甘) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | 國家資料庫 | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | 魚類百科全書 | Scirus | 周邊海洋 | SeaLifeBase | 樹狀分類階層 | uBio | uBio RSS | Wikipedia(去, 搜尋) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄 | Fishtrace

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
 PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

營養階層 (Ref. 69278)
 4.1   ±0.3 se; Based on diet studies.

回復力 (Ref. 69278)
 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.38-0.46; tm=2-5; tmax=11; Fec=200)

瀕危性 (Ref. 59153)
 Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100)
價格種類 (Ref. 80766)
 Low