Brazil country information

Common names: Caroroca, Cavala, Cavala-pintada
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000
Importance: commercial | Ref: Frimodt, C., 1995
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Its year round availability makes it an important food fish in northeastern Brazil (Ref. 9987). Museum: Belém market, USNM 217550 (holotype of S. brasiliensis, 50.2 cm FL) (Ref. 1909). Also Ref. 36453.
National Checklist:
Country Information: httpss://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983
National Database:

Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Thazard serra, Serra, Atlantic sierra, ... more

Main reference

Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen. 1983. (Ref. 168)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 125 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 168); common length : 65.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9987); max. published weight: 6.7 kg (Ref. 40637)

Length at first maturity
L_m 37.0 range ? - ? cm

Environment

Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243)

Climate / Range

Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 21°N - 36°S, 90°W - 29°W (Ref. 168)

Distribution

Western Atlantic: along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts of Central and South America from Belize to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Literature records for Scomberomorus maculatus from the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Central and South America apply to Scomberomorus brasiliensis, which has erroneously been considered a synonym of Scomberomorus maculatus by many authors.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Short description

Dorsal spines (total): 17 - 19; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15-19; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 16 - 20; Vertebrae: 47 - 49. Snout much shorter than rest of the head. Interpelvic process short and bifid. Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle. Body entirely covered with small scales, no anterior corselet developed. Pelvic fins relatively short. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Swim bladder absent. Sides silvery with several rows of round yellowish bronze spots. First dorsal fin black.

Does not migrate extensively, although some seasonal movement appears to occur off Trinidad. Feeds largely on fishes, with smaller quantities of penaeid shrimps and loliginid cephalopods. Most of the catch is consumed fresh, but in Brazil some is salted and some has been canned. Also utilized smoked and frozen; used for ceviche (Ref. 9987).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Least Concern (LC)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.3 ±0.4 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.18; tm=3-4)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
High

Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo & Zavala-Camin, 1978