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Occurrence:
Salinity:
Abundance: | Ref:
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Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
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Classification / Names

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL

Common names from other countries

Камбала желтохвостая (=лиманда желтохвостая), Limande à queue jaune, Limanda, ... more

Main reference

Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau. 1998. (Ref. 30193)
References | Biblio | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Size / Weight / Age

Max length : 64.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251); max. published weight: 1.5 kg (Ref. 9988); max. reported age: 12 years (Ref. 6286)

Length at first maturity
L_m 29.8 range ? - ? cm

Environment

Marine; demersal; depth range 27 - 364 m (Ref. 5951), usually 36 - 91 m (Ref. 5951)

Climate / Range

Temperate, preferred 7°C (Ref. 107945); 54°N - 37°N

Distribution

Northwest Atlantic: southern Labrador, Canada to Chesapeake Bay, USA.
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Adults inhabit sandy to muddy bottoms (Ref. 7251). Prefer depths of 37 to 82 m at temperatures of 3-5°C (Ref. 6263). Feed mainly on polychaete worms and amphipods, shrimps, isopods and other crustaceans and occasionally small fish such as sand lance and capelin (Ref. 12232). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Vulnerable (VU) (A1bd)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration

Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance

References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion

Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision

Tools

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

Download XML

Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805)
PD₅₀ = 0.5156 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278)
3.3 ±0.1 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278)
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (rm=0.69; K=0.3; tm=2-6; tmax=12)

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153)
Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100)

Price category (Ref. 80766)
Very high

Limanda ferruginea (Storer, 1839)