Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5476); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5476)
Environment
Marine; brackish; benthopelagic; depth range 10 - ? m (Ref. 2683)
Climate / Range
Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 15°N - 13°S
Distribution
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 14;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 16;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 7. Diagnosis: body oblong, rather deep; dorsal profile strongly convex at level of dorsal-fin origin; snout at least as long as eye diameter; mouth oblique; lips very thick; chin with 4 pores, but without median pit; dorsal fin long; second anal fin spine the longest and stoutest; caudal fin rounded; ctenoid scales covering body and head (except snout) and interradial membranes of soft parts of dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 57395).
Coloration: uniformly brown, more or less dark; young individuals often with lighter spots on flanks (Ref. 57395).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
3.7 ±0.6 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100)
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