Family Chaunacidae - Sea toads
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 2 | Species : 22 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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none |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. With large balloon-shaped flabby inflatable bodies; the rough louse skin is covered with small spine-like scales. The mouth is large and nearly vertical with small teeths in bands on the jaws, vomer, and palatines. First dorsal spine bearing a bait or esca that fits into a scaleless U-shaped depression (illicial cavity) on the snout; second and third dorsal spines invisibly embedded behind first; 10-12 dorsal soft rays; anal fin with 5-7 rays; pelvics with 1 spine and 4 soft-rays; pectorals arm-like. Gill opening behind and above pectoral fin base. Lateral lines are open canals especially conspicious on the head, protected by enlarged spiny scales on either side of the canal. Species inhabit continental slopes in all oceans. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, chaunax, -akos = unreality, vanity conceited ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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Typical activity level |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Lophiiformes | Chaunacoidei | Chaunacidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Chaunax pictus Lowe, 1846 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax nuttingii Garman, 1896 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chaunax fimbriatus (non Hilgendorf, 1879) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chaunax pencillatus (non McCulloch, 1915) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chaunax fimbriatus Hilgendorf, 1879 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax umbrinus Gilbert, 1905 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax apus Lloyd, 1909 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax penicillatus McCulloch, 1915 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Chaunax pencillatus McCulloch, 1915 | synonym | senior | original | |
Chaunax tosaensis Okamura & Oryuu, 1984 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chaunax endeavouri Whitley, 1929 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax fimbriatus (non Hilgendorf, 1879) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chaunax stigmaeus Fowler, 1946 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax breviradius Le Danois, 1978 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Chaunax breviradiatus Le Danois, 1978 | synonym | senior | original | |
Chaunax flammeus Le Danois, 1979 | accepted | senior | original | |
Chaunax umbrinus flammeus Le Danois, 1979 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax latipunctatus Le Danois, 1984 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax suttkusi Caruso, 1989 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax pictus (non Lowe, 1846) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chaunax nudiventer Ho & Shao, 2010 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax pictus (non Lowe, 1846) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chaunax africanus Ho & Last, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax flavomaculatus Ho, Roberts & Stewart, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax sp. A Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Chaunax mulleus Ho, Roberts & Stewart, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax nebulosus Ho & Last, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax reticulatus Ho, Roberts & Stewart, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunax russatus Ho, Roberts & Stewart, 2013 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Chaunacops coloratus (Garman, 1899) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaunax coloratus Garman, 1899 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Bathychaunax coloratus (Garman, 1899) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chaunacops roseus (Barbour, 1941) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chaunax roseus Barbour, 1941 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Bathychaunax roseus (Barbour, 1941) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chaunacops melanostomus (Caruso, 1989) | accepted | senior | new | |
Bathychaunax melanostomus Caruso, 1989 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |