Family Gasterosteidae - Sticklebacks and tubesnouts
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 5 | Species : 18 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : Yes |
Brackish : Yes |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Peripheral/diadromous |
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Aquarium |
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some |
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First Fossil Record |
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upper
Tertiary
Miocene |
Ref.. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark |
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Distribution: Northern Hemisphere. Body may be elongate, naked or with bony scutes along the sides. Three to sixteen well-developed isolated dorsal spines preceed a normal dorsal fin having 6-14 rays; caudal fin rays 12-13; a single spine and 1-2 soft rays in the pelvic fin; three branchiostegal rays; circumorbital ring incomplete posteriorly; epineurals present; vertebrae 28-42. About 18 cm maximum length reached in Spinachia spinachia. Sticklebacks have been widely used in scientific studies. Several subspecies are recognized by authors and the family is in need of revision. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, gaster = stomach + Greek, osteon = bone ( Ref. 45335). |
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Reproductive guild |
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guarders |
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Typical activity level |
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normal |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Perciformes | Cottoidei | Gasterosteidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Leiurus aculeatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus bispinosus Walbaum, 1792 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus teraculeatus Lacepède, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasteracanthus cataphractus Pallas, 1814 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus cataphractus (Pallas, 1814) | synonym | junior | new | |
Gasterosteus biaculeatus Mitchill, 1815 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus semiarmatus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus niger Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus trachurus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus leiurus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus semiloricatus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus argyropomus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus tetracanthus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus brachycentrus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus noveboracensis Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus obolarius Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus spinulosus Yarrell, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus dimidiatus Reinhardt, 1837 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus loricatus Reinhardt, 1837 | synonym | other | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus biarmatus Krynicki, 1840 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus ponticus Nordmann, 1840 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus neoboracensis DeKay, 1842 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus nemausensis Crespon, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus quadrispinosa Crespon, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Gasterosteus quadrispinosus Crespon, 1844 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gasterosteus cuvieri Girard, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard, 1854 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus williamsoni Girard, 1854 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Gasterosteus inopinatus Girard, 1854 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus plebeius Girard, 1854 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Gasterosteus Dekayi Ayres, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus serratus Ayres, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus insculptus Richardson, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus intermedius Girard, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus pugetti Girard, 1856 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus neustrianus Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus argentatissimus Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus elegans Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus bailloni Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus texanus Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus algeriensis Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus algeriensis Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Gasterosteus suppositus Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus atkinsii Bean, 1879 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Gasterosteus atkinsi Bean, 1879 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gastrosteus hologymnus Regan, 1909 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus hologymnus Regan, 1909 | synonym | junior | original | |
Gasterosteus santaeannae Regan, 1909 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus santaeannae Regan, 1909 | synonym | junior | change in rank | |
Gasterosteus aculeatus messinicus Stephanidis, 1971 | synonym | other | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus gymnurus (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Gasterosteus aculeatus microcephalus (non Girard, 1854) | misapplied | misapplied | change in rank | |
Gasterosteus microcephalus (non Girard, 1854) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Gasterosteus islandicus (non Sauvage, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Gasterosteus gymnurus Cuvier, 1829 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus gymnurus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Gasterosteus microcephalus Girard, 1854 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus microcephalus Girard, 1854 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
! Gastrosteus microcephalus Girard, 1854 | synonym | senior | original | |
Gasterosteus wheatlandi Putnam, 1867 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus islandicus Sauvage, 1874 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus crenobiontus B?cescu & Mayer, 1956 | accepted | senior | change in rank | |
! Gasterosteus aculeatus crenobionta B?cescu & Mayer, 1956 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Gasterosteus aculeatus crenobiontus B?cescu & Mayer, 1956 | synonym | senior | original | |
Spinachia spinachia (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus spinachia Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Spinachia vulgaris Fleming, 1828 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Apeltes quadracus (Mitchill, 1815) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus quadracus Mitchill, 1815 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus pungitius Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Gasteracanthus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pungitius pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pygosteus pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus occidentalis Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus concinnus Richardson, 1836 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Gasterosteus mainensis Storer, 1837 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus dekayi Agassiz, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus nebulosus Agassiz, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus globiceps Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus blanchardi Sauvage, 1874 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus pungitius brachypoda Bean, 1879 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pygosteus pungitius brachypoda (Bean, 1879) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pygosteus pungitius trachura Bertin, 1925 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Pygosteus pungitius semiarmata Bertin, 1925 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Pygosteus pungitius carinata Bertin, 1925 | ambiguous | other | original | 1 |
Gasterosteus burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Gasterosteus pungitia burgundianus (non Blanchard, 1866) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Pungitius laevis (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus laevis Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus vulgaris Mauduyt, 1848 | synonym | junior | original | 6 |
Gasterosteus lotharingus Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus breviceps Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus burgundianus Blanchard, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus globiceps Sauvage, 1874 | ambiguous | questionable | original | 2 |
Pygosteus pungitius hologymna Bertin, 1925 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Pungitius platygaster (Kessler, 1859) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus platygaster Kessler, 1859 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius platygaster platygaster (Kessler, 1859) | synonym | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus platygaster kessleri Yakovlev, 1870 | synonym | junior | change in species | |
Gasterosteus pungitius niger Yakovlev, 1870 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Gasterosteus platygaster niger Yakovlev, 1870 | synonym | junior | change in species | |
Gasterosteus platygaster caucasicus Kessler, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Gasterosteus platygaster aralensis Kessler, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Pungitius platygaster aralensis (Kessler, 1877) | synonym | junior | new | |
Gasterosteus platygaster danubica Steindachner, 1899 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Pygosteus platygaster nuda Berg, 1905 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pungitius sinensis (Guichenot, 1869) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus sinensis Guichenot, 1869 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius pungitius sinensis (Guichenot, 1869) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pungitius sinensis sinensis (Guichenot, 1869) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pygosteus pungitius sinensis (Guichenot, 1869) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pygosteus sinensis (Guichenot, 1869) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pygosteus kaibarae Tanaka, 1915 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pungitius kaibarae (Tanaka, 1915) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pungitius sinensis kaibarae (Tanaka, 1915) | synonym | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus bussei (non Warpachowski, 1888) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pungitius stenurus (Kessler, 1876) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus stenurus Kessler, 1876 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius bussei (Warpachowski, 1888) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus bussei Warpachowski, 1888 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius tymensis (Nikolskii, 1889) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus tymensis Nikolskii, 1889 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius pungitius tymensis (Nikolskii, 1889) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pungitius hellenicus Stephanidis, 1971 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pungitius polyakovi Shedko, Shedko & Pietsch, 2005 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Culaea inconstans (Kirtland, 1840) | accepted | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus inconstans Kirtland, 1840 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Eucalia inconstans (Kirtland, 1840) | synonym | senior | new | |
Gasterosteus pygmaeus Agassiz, 1850 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Eucalia inconstans pygmaea (Agassiz, 1850) | synonym | junior | new | |
Eucalia pygmaea (Agassiz, 1850) | synonym | junior | new | |
Gasterosteus gymnetes Dawson, 1859 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Gasterosteus globiceps (non Sauvage, 1874) | misapplied | misapplied | original |