Family Leiognathidae - Slimys, slipmouths, or ponyfishes
  Order
:
  Class
:
Actinopterygii
No. in FishBase
:
Genera : 10 | Species : 48 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes
  Environment
:
Fresh : Yes | Brackish : Yes | Marine : Yes
  Division
:
Marine
  Aquarium
:
none
  First Fossil Record
:
middle   Tertiary     Oligocene
Ref..   Danil'chenko, P.G. 1960
  Remark
:
Mainly marine; some species enter freshwater. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific; one species entered the Mediterranean through the Suez canal. Strongly compressed, slimy body. Scales small. Head naked, bearing bony ridges on upper surface. Gill membranes united with isthmus. Mouth small and very protractile. No teeth on palate. Pseudobranchiae absent. Dorsal fin continuous with 8 or 9 spines that are somewhat elevated, in the anterior portion; posterior portion with 14-16 soft rays. Three spines on anal fin. Dorsal and anal fin spines with a locking mechanism. A scaly sheath at the base of dorsal and anal fins. Vertebrae 22-23. All species have esophageal luminous organs. Also noted for their production of mucus (see common name). Common in shallow coastal waters and tidal creeks where they feed on benthic invertebrates. Easily caught by trawls or beach seines; important artisanal food fish.
  Etymology
:
Greek, leio = smooth, flat + Greek, gnathos = jaw ( Ref. 45335).
  Reproductive guild
:
nonguarders
  Typical activity level
:
normal
  Main Ref
:
  Coordinator
:
  Deep Fin Classification
:
Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Incertae sedis in Percomorpharia | Leiognathidae

Show species images | Show valid names | Nominal species list | Identification keys | CAS specimen photos | References

 
Ref.
[ e.g. 9948]
Glossary
[ e.g. cephalopods]


Species/Synonymy list for the family Leiognathidae as currently in FishBase

Important recommendation:

The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.

Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.

But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.

Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.

This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).

In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status;   2: Different status;   3: Other combination;   4: Synonym in CofF;   5: Species/Subspecies issue;   6: Synonym of another species in CofF;   7: Not in CofF;   8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).

The list ordered as follows:

Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.

Show all | Show only accepted name | Show only accepted and original names
Scientifc name Status Senior/Junior synonym Combination CofF
Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål, 1775)
acceptedseniornew
Scomber equula Forsskål, 1775
synonymseniororiginal1
Leiognathus equula (Forsskål, 1775)
synonymseniornew
Scomber edentulus Bloch, 1795
synonymjuniororiginal1
Equula edentula (Bloch, 1795)
synonymjuniornew
Leiognathus edentulus (Bloch, 1795)
synonymjuniornew
Leiognathus argenteus Lacepède, 1802
synonymjuniororiginal1
Equula ensifera Cuvier, 1829
synonymjuniororiginal1
Equula totta Cuvier, 1829
synonymjuniororiginal1
Equula caballa Valenciennes, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal1
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula berbis Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Scomber equula minimus Forsskål, 1775
ambiguousquestionableoriginal2
Leiognathus oblongus (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliednew
Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula brevirostris Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus longispinis (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula longispinis Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Equula smithursti Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus smithursti (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886)
synonymjuniornew
Leiognathus oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula oblonga Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Equulites oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios oblongus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus parviceps (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula parviceps Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus striatus James & Badrudeen, 1991
acceptedseniororiginal2
Leiognathus robustus Sparks & Dunlap, 2004
acceptedseniororiginal2
Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1795)
acceptedseniornew
Scomber minutus Bloch, 1795
synonymseniororiginal2
Equula minuta (Bloch, 1795)
synonymseniornew
! Gaza minuta (Bloch, 1795)
synonymseniornew
! Gazza minuata (Bloch, 1795)
synonymseniornew
Zeus argentarius Forster, 1801
synonymjuniororiginal2
Gazza argentaria (Forster, 1801)
synonymjuniornew
Gazza equulaeformis Rüppell, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal2
! Gazza equulasformis Rüppell, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal
! Gazza equuleformis Rüppell, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal
Gazza tapeinosoma Bleeker, 1853
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula dispar De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal1
Gazza dispar (De Vis, 1884)
synonymjuniornew
Gazza dentex (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula dentex Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Gazza minuta (non Bloch, 1795)
misappliedmisappliednew
Leiognathus minuta (non Bloch, 1795)
misappliedmisappliedmisapplied
Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks, 1917
acceptedseniororiginal2
Gazza shettyi Jayabalan, 1986
synonymjuniororiginal2
Gazza rhombea Kimura, Yamashita & Iwatsuki, 2000
acceptedseniororiginal2
Gazza minuta (non Bloch, 1795)
misappliedmisappliednew
Gazza achlamys (non Jordan & Starks, 1917)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita & Kimura, 2001
acceptedseniororiginal2
Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787)
acceptedseniornew
Zeus insidiator Bloch, 1787
synonymseniororiginal1
Equula insidiator (Bloch, 1787)
synonymseniornew
synonymseniornew
! Equula insidiatrix (Bloch, 1787)
synonymseniornew
! Secutor insiadiator (Bloch, 1787)
synonymseniornew
! Secutor insidator (Bloch, 1787)
synonymseniornew
! Secutor insidiatur (Bloch, 1787)
synonymseniornew
Secutor ruconius (Hamilton, 1822)
acceptedseniornew
Chanda ruconius Hamilton, 1822
synonymseniororiginal1
Equula ruconia (Hamilton, 1822)
synonymseniornew
Equula ruconius (Hamilton, 1822)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus ruconius (Hamilton, 1822)
synonymseniornew
! Secutor ruconeus (Hamilton, 1822)
synonymseniornew
Secutor interruptus (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula interrupta Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal1
Equula profunda De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal1
Secutor indicius Monkolprasit, 1973
acceptedseniororiginal1
! Secutor indicus Monkolprasit, 1973
synonymseniororiginal
Secutor insidiator (non Bloch, 1787)
misappliedmisappliednew
Secutor ruconius (non Hamilton, 1822)
misappliedmisappliednew
Secutor hanedai Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989
acceptedseniororiginal1
Secutor megalolepis Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989
acceptedseniororiginal1
Secutor mazavasaoka Baldwin & Sparks, 2011
acceptedseniororiginal2
Equulites leuciscus (Günther, 1860)
acceptedseniornew
Equula leuciscus Günther, 1860
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus leuciscus (Günther, 1860)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios leuciscus (Günther, 1860)
synonymseniornew
Equulites novaehollandiae Staeindachner, 1879
synonymjuniororiginal2
! Equulites novae Hollandiae Steindachner, 1879
synonymjuniororiginal
Equula longispina De Vis, 1884
ambiguoushomonymoriginal2
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann & Seale, 1907
synonymjuniororiginal2
Liognathus hastatus Ogilby, 1912
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equulites lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula lineolata Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Equulites rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
acceptedseniornew
Equula rivulata Temminck & Schlegel, 1845
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus edentulum (non Bloch, 1795)
misappliedmisappliedmisapplied
Equulites elongatus (Günther, 1874)
acceptedseniornew
Equula elongata Günther, 1874
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus elongatus (Günther, 1874)
synonymseniornew
Macilentichthys elongatus (Günther, 1874)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios elongatus (Günther, 1874)
synonymseniornew
! Leiognathus elongus (Günther, 1874)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus elongatus Smith & Pope, 1906
ambiguoushomonymoriginal2
Macilentichthys popei Whitley, 1932
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus popei (Whitley, 1932)
synonymjuniornew
Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898)
acceptedseniornew
Equula klunzingeri Steindachner, 1898
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898)
synonymseniornew
Photoplagios klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus mediterraneus Rhasis Erazi, 1943
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equulites stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale, 1907
synonymseniororiginal2
Photoplagios stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus elongatus (non Günther, 1874)
misappliedmisappliednew
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal2
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus berbis (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliednew
Equulites antongil (Sparks, 2006)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal2
Equulites laterofenestra (Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2007)
acceptedseniornew
Photoplagios laterofenestra Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2007
synonymseniororiginal2
Equulites absconditus Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2010
acceptedseniororiginal2
Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829)
acceptedseniornew
Goomorah karah Russell, 1803
ambiguousotheroriginal
Equula splendens Cuvier, 1829
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus splendens (Cuvier, 1829)
synonymseniornew
! Leognathus splendens (Cuvier, 1829)
synonymseniornew
Equula gomorah Valenciennes, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula ovalis De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal2
Eubleekeria ovalis (De Vis, 1884)
synonymjuniornew
Leiognathus ovalis (De Vis, 1884)
synonymjuniornew
Equula simplex De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula argentea De Vis, 1884
ambiguousotheroriginal2
synonymjuniororiginal2
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus devisi Whitley, 1929
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus equula (non Forsskål, 1775)
misappliedmisappliednew
Equula caballa (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leiognathus nuchalis (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
misappliedmisappliednew
Eubleekeria rapsoni (Munro, 1964)
acceptedseniornew
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus indicus Singh & Talwar, 1978
synonymjuniororiginal2
Eubleekeria jonesi (James, 1971)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus jonesi James, 1971
synonymseniororiginal2
Eubleekeria kupanensis (Kimura & Peristiwady, 2005)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus kupanensis Kimura & Peristiwady, 2005
synonymseniororiginal2
Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède, 1803)
acceptedseniornew
! Aurigequula fasciatus (Lacepède, 1803)
synonymseniornew
Clupea fasciata Lacepède, 1803
synonymseniororiginal2
Equula fasciata (Lacepède, 1803)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus fasciatus (Lacepède, 1803)
synonymseniornew
Equula cara Cuvier, 1829
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula filigera Valenciennes, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula serrulifera Richardson, 1848
synonymjuniororiginal2
Equula asina De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal2
Secutor insiadiator (non Bloch, 1787)
misappliedmisappliednew
Secutor insidiator (non Bloch, 1787)
misappliedmisappliednew
Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula blochii Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus blochii (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
! Leiognathus blochi (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus pan Wongratana, 1988
synonymjuniororiginal2
Nuchequula pan (Wongratana, 1988)
synonymjuniornew
Leiognathus brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliednew
Nuchequula nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
acceptedseniornew
Equula nuchalis Temminck & Schlegel, 1845
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
synonymseniornew
! Leiognathus nucleasis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
synonymseniornew
Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker, 1851)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus sp. Not applicable
synonymotherother
Equula gerreoides Bleeker, 1851
synonymseniororiginal2
Equula decora De Vis, 1884
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus decorus (De Vis, 1884)
synonymjuniornew
Nuchequula decora (De Vis, 1884)
synonymjuniornew
Equula brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Leiognathus brevirostris (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliednew
Equula nuchalis (non Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
misappliedmisappliedoriginal
Nuchequula mannusella Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2007
acceptedseniororiginal2
Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008
acceptedseniororiginal2
Nuchequula glenysae Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008
acceptedseniororiginal2
Nuchequula longicornis Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima, 2008
acceptedseniororiginal2
Photopectoralis aureus (Abe & Haneda, 1972)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus aureus Abe & Haneda, 1972
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus lineolatus (non Valenciennes, 1835)
misappliedmisappliednew
Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula bindus Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus bindus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
! Leiognatus bindus (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
synonymjuniororiginal2
Photopectoralis hataii (Abe & Haneda, 1972)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus hataii Abe & Haneda, 1972
synonymseniororiginal2
! Leiognathus hatai Abe & Haneda, 1972
synonymseniororiginal
Photopectoralis panayensis (Kimura & Dunlap, 2003)
acceptedseniornew
Leiognathus panayensis Kimura & Dunlap, 2003
synonymseniororiginal2
Karalla daura (Cuvier, 1829)
acceptedseniornew
Equula daura Cuvier, 1829
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus daura (Cuvier, 1829)
synonymseniornew
Equula dacer Valenciennes, 1835
synonymjuniororiginal2
Leiognathus gerroides (non Bleeker, 1851)
misappliedmisappliedmisapplied
Karalla dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835)
acceptedseniornew
Equula dussumieri Valenciennes, 1835
synonymseniororiginal2
Leiognathus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835)
synonymseniornew
Leiognathus equulus (non Forsskål, 1775)
misappliedmisappliednew
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