Family Pristigasteridae - Pristigasterids
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 9 | Species : 38 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : Yes |
Brackish : Yes |
Marine : Yes |
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Marine |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Distribution: Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Tropical oceans and in the freshwaters of South America and Southeast Asia. Externally distinguished from other sardines (Clupeidae) by their long anal fin, which has at least 30 fin rays; in nearly all members, the small pelvic fin is markedly displaced anteriorly that the tip of the pectoral fin reaches or surpasses the vertical through the base of the pelvic fin (Ref. 50591). Species under genera Ilisha, Pellona, and Pristigaster were formerly under Family Clupeidae. |
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Etymology |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Otomorpha | Clupei | Clupeiformes | Clupeoidei | Pristigasteridae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Pristigaster cayana Cuvier, 1829 | accepted | senior | original | |
! Pristigaster cayanus Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Pristigaster lichtensteini Jarocki, 1822 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Pristigaster argenteus Schinz, 1822 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Pristigaster triangularis Stark, 1828 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Pristigaster martii Agassiz, 1829 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Pristigaster americanus Guérin-Méneville, 1829-38 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster phaeton Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster whiteheadi Menezes & de Pinna, 2000 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Odontognathus mucronatus Lacepède, 1800 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Odontognathus micronatus Lacepède, 1800 | synonym | senior | original | |
Gnathobolus aculeatus Schinz, 1822 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Odontognathus panamensis (Steindachner, 1876) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster panamensis Steindachner, 1876 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Odontognathus compressus Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Odontognathus mucronatus (non Lacepède, 1800) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Ilisha melastoma (non Schneider, 1801) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Anodontostoma chacunda (non Hamilton, 1822) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Harengula lippa (non Whitley, 1931) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Raconda russeliana Gray, 1831 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Raconda russelliana Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | original | |
Apterygia ramcarata Gray, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Apterygia ramcarate Gray, 1835 | synonym | junior | original | |
Apterygia hamiltoni Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha elongata (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) | accepted | senior | new | |
Alosa elongata Anonymous [Bennett], 1830 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pellona elongata (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) | synonym | senior | new | |
Clupea affinis Gray, 1830 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha abnormis Richardson, 1846 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona grayana Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona vimbella Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona leschenaulti Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona schlegelii Bleeker, 1853 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster chinensis Basilewsky, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster sinensis Sauvage, 1881 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha africana (Bloch, 1795) | accepted | senior | new | |
Clupea africana Bloch, 1795 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Clupanodon africanus (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pellona africana (Bloch, 1795) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pellona iserti Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona gabonica Duméril, 1861 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster dolloi Boulenger, 1902 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha dolloi (Boulenger, 1902) | synonym | junior | new | |
Ilisha melanota Derscheid, 1924 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha melastoma (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | accepted | senior | new | |
Clupea melastoma Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Platygaster verticalis Swainson, 1838 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Clupea indicus Swainson, 1839 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha indica (Swainson, 1839) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pellona micropus Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha micropus (Valenciennes, 1847) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pellona ditchoa Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha ditchoa (Valenciennes, 1847) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pellona brachysoma Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha brachysoma (Bleeker, 1852) | ambiguous | homonym | new | |
Ilisha megaloptera (Swainson, 1839) | accepted | senior | new | |
Clupea megalopterus Swainson, 1839 | synonym | senior | original | 1 |
Pellona megaloptera (Swainson, 1839) | synonym | senior | new | |
Clupanodon motius Hamilton, 1822 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Ilisha motius (Hamilton, 1822) | synonym | junior | new | |
Platygaster macropthalma Swainson, 1838 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Clupea parva Swainson, 1839 | ambiguous | questionable | original | 1 |
Pellona dussumieri Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Ilisha dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1847) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pellona russellii Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Ilisha kampeni (non Weber & de Beaufort, 1913) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Ilisha filigera (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona filigera Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pellona xanthopterus Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha xanthoptera (Bleeker, 1851) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pellona xanthoptera Bleeker, 1851 | synonym | junior | original | |
Ilisha novacula (Valenciennes, 1847) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona novacula Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pellona sladeni Day, 1870 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha sladeni (Day, 1870) | synonym | junior | new | |
Ilisha elongata (non Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Ilisha pristigastroides (Bleeker, 1852) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona pristigastroides Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Pellona amblyuropterus Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha amblyuroptera (Bleeker, 1852) | synonym | junior | new | |
Ilisha macrogaster Bleeker, 1866 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Pellona macrogaster (Bleeker, 1866) | synonym | senior | new | |
Ilisha fuerthii (Steindachner, 1875) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona fuerthii Steindachner, 1875 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha furthi (Steindachner, 1875) | synonym | senior | new | |
Ilisha furthii (Steindachner, 1875) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pelllona panamensis Steindachner, 1875 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha kampeni (Weber & de Beaufort, 1913) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona kampeni Weber & de Beaufort, 1913 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha whiteheadi Seshagiri Rao, 1974 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha amazonica (Miranda Ribeiro, 1920) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pseudochirocentrodon amazonicum Miranda Ribeiro, 1920 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha iquitensis Nakashima, 1941 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha apapae Hildebrand, 1948 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha sirishai Seshagiri Rao, 1975 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha obfuscata Wongratana, 1983 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha striatula Wongratana, 1983 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha lunula Kailola, 1986 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha compressa Randall, 1994 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha elongata (non Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Ilisha filigera (non Valenciennes, 1847) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Pellona flavipinnis (Valenciennes, 1837) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster flavipinnis Valenciennes, 1837 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha flavipinnis (Valenciennes, 1849) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pellona orbignyana Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha castelnaeana (non Valenciennes, 1847) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Pellona castelnaeana (non Valenciennes, 1847) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pellona castelnaeana Valenciennes, 1847 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha deauratus Nakashima, 1941 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Ilisha desuratus Nakashima, 1941 | synonym | junior | original | |
Pellona altamazonica (non Cope, 1872) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Pellona ditchela Valenciennes, 1847 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Pellona ditcheli Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pellona ditchella Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Pellona dithchela Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | senior | original | |
Pellona hoevenii Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha hoeveni (Bleeker, 1852) | synonym | junior | new | |
Ilisha hoevenii (Bleeker, 1852) | synonym | junior | new | |
! Pellona hoeveni Bleeker, 1852 | synonym | junior | original | |
Pellona natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona altamazonica Cope, 1872 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha altamazonica (Cope, 1872) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pellona harroweri (Fowler, 1917) | accepted | senior | new | |
Ilisha harroweri Fowler, 1917 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ilisha narragansetae Fowler, 1911 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Ilisha naragansetae Fowler, 1911 | synonym | junior | original | |
Ilisha argentata Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Neosteus ternetzi Norman, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster vanderbilti Borodin, 1928 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Neosteus mayrinki Pinto, 1972 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pellona dayi Wongratana, 1983 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus tardoore (Cuvier, 1829) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster tardoore Cuvier, 1829 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Pristogaster elongata Swainson, 1838 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster elongata Swainson, 1838 | synonym | junior | original | |
Clupea indicus Swainson, 1839 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pristigaster indicus (Swainson, 1839) | synonym | junior | new | |
Pristigaster tartoor Valenciennes, 1847 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus tartoor (Valenciennes, 1847) | synonym | junior | new | |
Opisthopterus macrognathus Bleeker, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus tartur Zugmayer, 1913 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
! Opisthopterus tartus Zugmayer, 1913 | ambiguous | other | original | |
Opisthopterus macrops (Günther, 1867) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster macrops Günther, 1867 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus dovii (Günther, 1868) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster dovii Günther, 1868 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Opisthopterus dovi (Günther, 1868) | synonym | senior | new | |
Pristigaster argenteus Günther, 1867 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus valenciennesi Bleeker, 1872 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus tartoor Bleeker, 1872 | ambiguous | homonym | original | |
Opisthopterus tardoore (non Cuvier, 1829) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Opisthopterus effulgens (Regan, 1903) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster effulgens Regan, 1903 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Opisthopterus equatorialis Hildebrand, 1946 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Opisthopterus equitorialis Hildebrand, 1946 | synonym | senior | original | |
Chirocentrodon bleekerianus (Poey, 1867) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pellona bleekeriana Poey, 1867 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chirocentrodon taeniatus Günther, 1868 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Ilisha caribbaea Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Ilisha caribbea Meek & Hildebrand, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | |
Chirocentrodon cladileokae Tommasi, 1964 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Pliosteostoma lutipinnis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) | accepted | senior | new | |
Pristigaster lutipinnis Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Ophisthopterus lutipinnis (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) | synonym | senior | new | |
Neoopisthopterus tropicus (Hildebrand, 1946) | accepted | senior | new | |
Odontognathus tropicus Hildebrand, 1946 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Neoopisthopterus cubanus Hildebrand, 1948 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |