Family Etmopteridae - Lantern sharks
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Order |
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Class |
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Elasmobranchii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 5 | Species : 49 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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Remark |
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Occurring in some parts of the Atlantic (extending north to Iceland), Indian and the Pacific. Tropical to temperate, continental and insular slopes, rarely on shelves; a few are oceanic.
Both dorsal fins has grooved spines; caudal fin with subterminal notch; luminous organs usually present on body. Small sharks with maximum length under 90 centimeters in most species. |
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Etymology |
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Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Squalus spinax Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Squalus niger Broussonet, 1788 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus aculeatus Rafinesque, 1810 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Spinax niger Cloquet, 1816 | ambiguous | other | original | 2 |
Squalus infernus Blainville, 1825 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Spinax gunneri Reinhardt, 1825 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Spinax vitulinus de la Pylaie, 1835 | ambiguous | questionable | original | 1 |
Spinax linnei Malm, 1877 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus pusillus (Lowe, 1839) | accepted | senior | new | |
Acanthidium pusillum Lowe, 1839 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Etmopterus pusilus (Lowe, 1839) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centrina nigra Lowe, 1834 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus frontimaculatus Pietschmann, 1907 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus hillianus (Poey, 1861) | accepted | senior | new | |
Spinax hillianus Poey, 1861 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880) | accepted | senior | new | |
Spinax granulosus Günther, 1880 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus baxteri (non Garrick, 1957) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Etmopterus lucifer Jordan & Snyder, 1902 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Spinax lucifer (Jordan & Snyder, 1902) | synonym | senior | new | |
Etmopterus abernethyi Garrick, 1957 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Acanthidium molleri (non Whitley, 1939) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus villosus Gilbert, 1905 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus brachyurus Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus unicolor (Engelhardt, 1912) | accepted | senior | new | |
Spinax unicolor Engelhardt, 1912 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus molleri (Whitley, 1939) | accepted | senior | new | |
Acanthidium molleri Whitley, 1939 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus polli Bigelow, Schroeder & Springer, 1953 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus hillianus (non Poey, 1861) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Etmopterus schultzi Bigelow, Schroeder & Springer, 1953 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus virens Bigelow, Schroeder & Springer, 1953 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus baxteri Garrick, 1957 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus granulosus (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Etmopterus bullisi Bigelow & Schroeder, 1957 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus decacuspidatus Chan, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus gracilispinis Krefft, 1968 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sentosus Bass, D'Aubrey & Kistnasamy, 1976 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus carteri Springer & Burgess, 1985 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus perryi Springer & Burgess, 1985 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus tasmaniensis Myagkov & Pavlov, 1986 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus splendidus Yano, 1988 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus compagnoi Fricke & Koch, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus granulosus (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Etmopterus gracilispinis (non Krefft, 1968) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Etmopterus litvinovi Parin & Kotlyar, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus pycnolepis Kotlyar, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus bigelowi Shirai & Tachikawa, 1993 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus robinsi Schofield & Burgess, 1997 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus caudistigmus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus dianthus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sp. D Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Etmopterus dislineatus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sp. F Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Etmopterus evansi Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sp. E Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Etmopterus brachyurus (non Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Etmopterus fusus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sp. C Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus Last, Burgess & Séret, 2002 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus burgessi Schaaf-Da Silva & Ebert, 2006 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus joungi Knuckey, Ebert & Burgess, 2011 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sculptus Ebert, Compagno & De Vries, 2011 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus sp. Not applicable | synonym | other | other | |
Etmopterus lucifer (non Jordan & Snyder, 1902) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Spinax lucifer (non Jordan & Snyder, 1902) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Etmopterus brachyurus (non Smith & Radcliffe, 1912) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Etmopterus viator Straube, 2011 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus benchleyi Vásquez, Ebert & Long, 2015 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Etmopterus alphus Ebert, Straube, Leslie & Weigmann, 2016 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825) | accepted | senior | new | |
Spinax fabricii Reinhardt, 1825 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Centroscyllium farbicii (Reinhardt, 1825) | synonym | senior | new | |
Centroscyllium granulatum Günther, 1887 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium ornatum (Alcock, 1889) | accepted | senior | new | |
Paracentroscyllium ornatum Alcock, 1889 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium nigrum Garman, 1899 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium ruscosum Gilbert, 1905 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium granulosum (non Günther, 1880) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Centroscyllium ritteri Jordan & Fowler, 1903 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium kamoharai Abe, 1966 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Centroscyllium excelsum Shirai & Nakaya, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Aculeola nigra de Buen, 1959 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Miroscyllium sheikoi (Dolganov, 1986) | accepted | senior | new | |
Centroscyllium sheikoi Dolganov, 1986 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Trigonognathus kabeyai Mochizuki & Ohe, 1990 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |