Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Squatiniformes (Angel sharks) > Squatinidae (Angel sharks)
Etymology: Squatina: Latin, squatina, -ae = a kind of shark (Ref. 45335). More on author: Bonaparte.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 5 - 500 m (Ref. 10719), usually 50 - 100 m (Ref. 247). Subtropical, preferred ?; 47°N - 29°S, 17°W - 37°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean and Morocco to Angola.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 160 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 247); common length : 120 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. )

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0. An angelshark with large thorns on snout and above eyes but not on midback, weakly bifurcated nasal barbels and weakly fringed anterior nasal flaps, the first dorsal-fin origin usually well behind the rear tips of pelvic fin, and prominent white spots on body (Ref. 247)

Found on sand and mud bottom (Ref. 26999) of continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 247). Mostly between 50 and 100 m but deeper in the tropics (Ref. 247). Feeds on small fishes (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Utilized fresh and dried salted for human consumption; liver oil and hide also used (Ref. 247).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Size at birth about 24 to 27 cm TL (Ref. 247).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Collaborators

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

Critically Endangered (CR) (A2bcd+3cd+4bcd)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO(fisheries: species profile; publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

More information

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Ecology
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Common names
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Predators
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Fecundity
Eggs
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Age/Size
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Morphometrics
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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00278 - 0.01974), b=3.04 (2.80 - 3.28), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Squatina oculata Bonaparte, 1840