Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Tetraodontidae (Puffers) > Tetraodontinae
Etymology: Lagocephalus: Greek, lagos = hare + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical, preferred ?
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf to South Africa, east along the continental shores to western Pacific, from Japan to Australia (Ref. 11441). Southeast Atlantic: south coast of South Africa.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 559)
Mainly marine, occasionally enters estuaries (Ref. 4833). Occurs over sandy bottoms, often on coastal reefs; feeds on a variety of marine invertebrates (Ref. 68964).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra, 1986. Tetraodontidae. p. 894-903. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4919)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Poisonous to eat (Ref. 559)
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01391 - 0.04749), b=2.91 (2.75 - 3.07), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100) .