Classification / Names
Common names from other countries
Main reference
Size / Weight / Age
Max length : 3.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2798)
Environment
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 3 - 15 m (Ref. 90102)
Climate / Range
Tropical, preferred ?; 30°N - 32°S
Distribution
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Marshall Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to eastern Australia (Ref. 33390).
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Short description
Dorsal
spines
(total): 7;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 8-9;
Anal
spines: 1;
Anal
soft rays: 9 - 10. Color pattern similar to P. echinocephalus (i.e. reddish orange head an black body and fins), but has shorter papillae on head. Midline of belly naked (Ref. 1602). Transverse scales 10-11. Mouth strongly curved downward; lips thick; chin heavy and square. Entire nape naked. Opercles with short, soft prickles or fibrils which also occur from lower margin of preopercles to mouth; ventrals also covered with similar prickles; dorsal fins very close together; dorsal base discontinuous; 2nd dorsal higher than 1st, posterior rays elongated; anal similar to 2nd dorsal but lower; caudal rounded; pectoral broad (Ref. 43541); characterized further by: longitudinal scale series 22-24; scales ctenoid except head, nape, pectoral region, breast and midventral portion of abdomen; complete pelvic fin frenum and basal membrane; depth of body at level of pelvic fins 3.0-3.4 in SL (Ref. 90102).
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
Tools
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Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index
PD50 = 0.5156 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)
Trophic Level
3.1 ±0.3 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100)
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