Family Diodontidae - Porcupinefishes (burrfishes)
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Order |
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Class |
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Actinopterygii |
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No. in FishBase |
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Genera : 7 | Species : 18 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes |
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Environment |
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Fresh : No |
Brackish : No |
Marine : Yes |
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Division |
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Marine |
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Aquarium |
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some |
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First Fossil Record |
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Remark |
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Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Well-developed sharp spines covering body. Body inflatable, and in some species the spines erect only when the body is inflated. Jaws with 2 fused teeth (parrotlike). Opposite premaxillaries and dentaries entirely united at midline. Adults found inshore; the young pelagic. Feed primarily on hard-shelled invertebrates crushed by the beak. Eggs are pelagic. |
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Etymology |
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Greek, di = two + Greek, odous = tooth, teeth. 1776 |
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Reproductive guild |
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nonguarders |
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Typical activity level |
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Coordinator |
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Osteichthyes | Actinopterygii | Actinopteri | Neopterygii | Teleostei | Osteoglossocephalai | Clupeocephala | Euteleosteomorpha | Neoteleostei | Eurypterygia | Ctenosquamata | Acanthomorphata | Euacanthomorphacea | Percomorphaceae | Percomorpharia | Tetraodontiformes | Tetraodontoidei | Diodontidae |
Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
In the column CofF, the digit indicates the status of synchronization with CofF: 0: Not checked; 1: Same status; 2: Different status; 3: Other combination; 4: Synonym in CofF; 5: Species/Subspecies issue; 6: Synonym of another species in CofF; 7: Not in CofF; 8: Should not be in CofF. The CofF version currently used is the one published on 23-07-2014 (Ref. 97102).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination | CofF |
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Diodon hystrix Linnaeus, 1758 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Diodon hystrix hystrix Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
Paradiodon hystrix (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Diodon histrix Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Diodon hystrax Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Diodon hystris Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | |
Diodon brachiatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon punctatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon spinosissimus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon nudifrons Jenkins, 1903 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon armillatus Whitley, 1933 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon totara Curtiss, 1938 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon holocanthus Linnaeus, 1758 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Diodon hystrix holocanthus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | change in rank | |
! Diodon holacanthus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | |
Diodon pilosus Mitchill, 1815 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Trichodiodon pilosus (Mitchill, 1815) | synonym | junior | new | |
Diodon multimaculatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon novemmaculatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Diodon novemaculatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | |
Diodon quadrimaculatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Paradiodon quadrimaculatus (Cuvier, 1818) | synonym | junior | new | |
Diodon sexmaculatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon maculifer Kaup, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Atopomycterus bocagei Steindachner, 1866 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon paraholocanthus Kotthaus, 1979 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon hystrix (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Diodon liturosus (non Shaw, 1804) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Diodon liturosus Shaw, 1804 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
! Diodon literosus Shaw, 1804 | synonym | senior | original | |
! Diodon lituratus Shaw, 1804 | synonym | senior | original | |
Diodon maculatus Duméril, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon bleekeri Günther, 1910 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon holocanthus (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Diodon nicthemerus Cuvier, 1818 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Atopomycterus nichthemerus (Cuvier, 1818) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Diodon nycthemerus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | senior | original | |
Diodon eydouxii Brisout de Barneville, 1846 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Diodon melanopsis Kaup, 1855 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon bertolettii de Lema, de Lucena, Saenger & De Oliveira, 1979 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Diodon spinosissimus (non Cuvier, 1818) | misapplied | misapplied | original | |
Chilomycterus reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon reticulatus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Chilomycteris reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Diodon atringa Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | junior | original | 1 |
Chilomycterus atringa (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | junior | new | |
! Chilomycterus atinga (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | junior | new | |
Diodon tigrinus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus affinis Günther, 1870 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Euchilomycterus quadradicatus Waite, 1900 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus spinosus spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon spinosus Linnaeus, 1758 | synonym | senior | original | 5 |
Chilomycterus spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) | accepted | senior | new | |
Cyclichthys spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chilomycterus schoepfii (Walbaum, 1792) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon schoepfii Walbaum, 1792 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus schoepfi (Walbaum, 1792) | synonym | senior | new | |
Cyclichthys schoepfi (Walbaum, 1792) | synonym | senior | new | |
! Chilomycterus schoepgi (Walbaum, 1792) | synonym | senior | new | |
Diodon rivulatus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus antennatus (Cuvier, 1816) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon antennatus Cuvier, 1816 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Cyclichthys antennatus (Cuvier, 1816) | synonym | senior | new | |
Chilomycterus antillarum Jordan & Rutter, 1897 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Cyclichthys antillarum (Jordan & Rutter, 1897) | synonym | senior | new | |
Diodon geometricus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus geometricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | junior | new | |
Chilomycterus spinosus mauretanicus (Le Danois, 1954) | accepted | senior | new | |
Atinga atinga mauretanicus Le Danois, 1954 | synonym | senior | original | 5 |
Chilomycterus orbicularis (non Bloch, 1785) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Chilomycterus antennatus (non Cuvier, 1816) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Cyclichthys orbicularis (Bloch, 1785) | accepted | senior | new | |
Atinga orbicularis coeruleus Le Danois, 1959 | synonym | junior | original | |
Diodon orbicularis Bloch, 1785 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus orbicularis (Bloch, 1785) | synonym | senior | new | |
Diodon caeruleus Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Chilomycterus parcomaculatus von Bonde, 1923 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
Cyclichthys hardenbergi (de Beaufort, 1939) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chilomycterus hardenbergi de Beaufort, 1939 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Cyclichthys spilostylus (Leis & Randall, 1982) | accepted | senior | new | |
Chilomycterus spilostylus Leis & Randall, 1982 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
! Cyclicthys spilostylos (Leis & Randall, 1982) | synonym | senior | new | |
Cyclichthys echinatus (non Linnaeus, 1758) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied | |
Dicotylichthys punctulatus Kaup, 1855 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Allomycterus pilatus Whitley, 1931 | accepted | senior | original | 2 |
Allomycterus whitleyi Phillipps, 1932 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |
! Allomycterus whiteleyi Phillipps, 1932 | synonym | junior | original | |
Allomycterus jaculiferus (non Cuvier, 1818) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Tragulichthys jaculiferus (non Cuvier, 1818) | misapplied | misapplied | new | |
Tragulichthys jaculiferus (Cuvier, 1818) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon jaculiferus Cuvier, 1818 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Allomycterus jaculiferus (Cuvier, 1818) | synonym | senior | new | |
Cyclichthys jaculiferus (Cuvier, 1818) | synonym | senior | new | |
Lophodiodon calori (Bianconi, 1854) | accepted | senior | new | |
Diodon calori Bianconi, 1854 | synonym | senior | original | 2 |
Lophodiodon nigropunctatus Smith, 1957 | synonym | junior | original | 2 |