分類 / Names
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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: Reinhardtius: Because of Johannes Christopher H. Reinhardt, Danish zoologist, studied under Vahl and Cuvier, professor in Kobanhavn in 1813 (1776-1845) (Ref. 45335).
環境 / 気候 / 範囲
生態学
; 海 底生の漂泳性; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 1 - 2200 m (Ref. 108960), usually 500 - 1000 m (Ref. 6263). Boreal; -1°C - 4°C (Ref. 43586), preferred 6°C (Ref. 107945); 79°N - 33°N, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54862)
Circumglobal: In arctic and temperate waters; northern hemisphere. Sea of Japan off Honshu north to Shishmaref, Alaska in the Chukchi Sea, throughout the Aleutian Islands, and southeast to northern Baja California, Mexico. North Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to Spitsbergen (Svalbard Islands) and the Barents Sea south to Ireland. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 62.5, range 65 - 80 cm
Max length : 110 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 80637); 130.0 cm TL (female); common length : 56.0 cm FL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 55110); 最大公表体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 173); 最大公表体重: 7.0 kg; 最大記録サイズ: 30 年 (Ref. 3561)
背面の脊椎 (合計): 0; 背鰭 (合計): 83-108; 肛門の骨 0; 臀鰭: 62 - 79; 脊つい: 60 - 64. Dorsal origin behind posterior edge of upper eye. Caudal slightly forked to truncate. Pectorals small.
Often caught pelagically (Ref. 4705). Adults prefer bottom temperatures of -0.5°C to 6.0°C (Ref. 5951). Epibenthic (Ref. 58426). Feed on crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4705, 6885), eelpouts, capelin, redfishes, deep sea prawns and other bottom invertebrates (Ref. 35388). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Utilized dried or salted and frozen; can be steamed and fried (Ref. 9988). Size of the Greenland halibut collected from 400-599 m deep in eastern Bering Sea, ranged from 9 to 99 cm FL with a mean of 56 cm (Ref. 55110).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Nielsen, J.G., 1986. Pleuronectidae. p. 1299-1307. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4705)
CITES (Ref. 94142)
Not Evaluated
Human uses
水産業: 高い商業の
より多くの情報
協力者画像Stamps, Coins音シガテラ（食中毒の名前）速度泳ぐ 型式カマOtoliths脳視覚
用具
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates of some properties based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00382 - 0.00628), b=3.11 (3.04 - 3.18), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.1 se; Based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
69278): 低い, ４．５年～１４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.07-0.10; tm=7-12; tmax=30; Fec=6,800).
Prior r = 0.33, 2 SD range = 0.16 - 0.68, log(r) = -1.11, SD log(r) = 0.36, Based on: 5 K, 14 tgen, 1 tmax, 18 Fec records
弱み (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100) .
